أسئلة: Unit 3: Protect Nature, Protect Future

Choose the correct modal verb for logical deduction: "The temperature of the earth is rising sharply; greenhouse gases _______ trapped more heat than expected."

• must have
• can't have
• shouldn't have
• couldn't have

Choose the correct modal verb for logical deduction: "They _______ finished building the solar power plant already; construction started only yesterday!"

• must have
• can't have
• should have
• could have

Choose the correct modal verb for regret: "We didn't protect the local ecosystem in time, and now many species are endangered. We _______ it earlier."

• should have protected
• shouldn't have protected
• must have protected
• can't have protected

Choose the correct modal verb for blame: "The factory dumped chemical waste directly into the river. They _______ that."

• should have done
• shouldn't have done
• must have done
• can't have done

Choose the correct form for an unrealized possibility in the past: "We used traditional fossil fuels, but we _______ solar energy instead."

• could have used
• must have used
• can't have used
• shouldn't have used

Complete with the correct deduction: "The streets are completely dry this morning; it _______ raining during the night."

• can't have been
• must have been
• should have been
• could have been

Choose the correct expression: "I failed my environmental science test because I didn't study hard enough. I _______ harder."

• should have studied
• shouldn't have studied
• must have studied
• can't have studied

Complete the logical deduction: "Sarah found rare plant species in this protected area; she _______ thrilled when she discovered them."

• must have been
• can't have been
• shouldn't have been
• couldn't have been

Choose the correct past modal structure for an alternative action: "We threw away all our old plastic boxes, but we _______ them for storing small items."

• could have recycled
• must have recycled
• can't have recycled
• shouldn't have recycled

In the article on climate justice, what does the idiom “bear the brunt” mean?

• to avoid responsibility
• to create a solution
• to suffer the worst part of something bad
• to give money to others

Which communities, according to the article, often suffer most from the effects of climate change?

• large industrialized nations
• only coastal tourist cities
• international companies
• low-income and marginalized communities

Which of these is a compound noun from the unit?

• to be green
• greenhouse gas
• quickly running
• very happy

Which expression means “very hot”?

• overcast
• foggy
• chilly
• scorching

What does a meteorologist do?

• writes laws
• builds sea walls
• studies and predicts the weather
• repairs printers

Which modal verb shows the LOWEST degree of certainty?

• can't
• might
• should
• must

Two main causes of sea level rise are identified in the text. One of them is:

• increased rainfall in deserts
• thermal expansion of seawater
• building more bridges
• wind energy

Choose the sentence that expresses blame for something that did not happen in the past:

• The state might invest in sea walls.
• The state must be investing in sea walls.
• The state should invest in sea walls next year.
• The state should have invested in sea walls many years ago.

Explain the difference in meaning between "The factory must have dumped waste" and "The factory can't have dumped waste" based on past deduction rules.

Rewrite the following situation using "should have" or "shouldn't have": "It was a mistake for the local community to cut down the old trees in the neighbourhood park."

Explain the difference between “She must be at home” and “She can't be at home”, and mention the evidence each might be based on.

Write a descriptive paragraph (5–6 sentences) about what could happen to coastal cities if countries do not act on climate change, using must, might, can't and should have.